Insomnia is a sleep disorder.In this it is difficult to fall asleep, to stay asleep.It makes to wake up too nearly,It can be acute or chronic.Here you will finf the symptoms, and treatments of Insomnia. It is a common sleep disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, and it can have a significant impact on one’s health and quality of life. Insomnia can be caused by many factors such as stress, anxiety, depression, or chronic pain. It can also be caused by certain medical conditions such as sleep apnea or narcolepsy. Insomnia is a common problem that affects millions of people worldwide. There are many treatments for insomnia but they often come with side effects such as drowsiness the next day or daytime fatigue. There are many causes of insomnia including stress, anxiety, depression, chronic pain, and certain medical conditions like sleep apnea and narcolepsy. Insomnia treatments come with side effects.

In adult age minimum of 7-9 hrs of sleep is required per  24 hrs.

Nowadays in modern times we find all want to make progress in short time intervals.

Most people do not give sufficient time to sleep.

Nervousness and depressed mood is quite common in these individuals.

Psychological causes

Physical  causes

Medical problems

The stress of  short term

Shift  duty  in the job

Jet lag

Household  disputes

Noisy  surrounding

People coming to stay in a too hot or too cold climate.

Physical stress causes fatigue and hence ease of sleep.

People have no physical stress at all, have no exertion and so the difficulty falling asleep.

Taking  too much  care of  someone  in the  house  can  also  result  in  insomnia

Using  drugs  for recreational purposes like  cocaine, ecstasy

Bad dreams -These are usually related to family or occupational stress . Attempts should be made to overcome these by counseling and mutual discussion.

Other diseases and disorders responsible for insomnia are-

Sleep  apnoea

Restless  leg syndrome

Hyperthyroidism

Gastrooesophageal  reflux  disease (GERD)

Chronic  obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Any disease or disorder that causes chronic pain can cause insomnia.

Thus insomnia is not a  disease as such but it is an outcome or manifestation of some underlying illness.

Certain physiological conditions like menopause can cause sweating at night and thus insomnia.

In  Alzheimer’s disease due to neurological changes in the brain the pattern of sleep is disturbed, so insomnia results.

Fatal familial insomnia –

This is a rare genetic disorder.

It is life-threatening.

Nowadays we find many people addicted to cell phones.

Without going through their cell phones, it may be social media or watching videos, they think that before going to bed is the only right time for this as throughout the day they are dedicated to their career and so they don’t get time . Going through the mobile screens this way before going to sleep before night disturbs their sleep pattern.

Certain drugs that can cause insomnia are –

Beta-blockers

Alpha-blockers

Statins

Corticosteroids

Selective serotonin  reuptake inhibitors, antidepressants

Angiotensin-converting  enzyme inhibitors (ACE-inhibitors)

Angiotensin-2 receptor  blockers

Cholinesterase  inhibitors

Non-sedating H-1 agonists

Combination  of  glucosamine  and  chondroitin

Short-term insomnia can cause fatigue in the daytime, and difficulties in concentration.

In long term, it can be the risk of causing many diseases.

A patient of insomnia finds it difficult to fall asleep at night time in regular sleeping hrs.

So it can cause lethargy and sleepiness during day time.

A generalized feeling of being unwell.

Mood changes like irritability and anxiety.

Long-term insomnia can cause diseases like –

Cardiovascular disease

Depression

Diabetes

Obesity.

A patient of insomnia may have –

Gastrointestinal  symptoms

Less  vigour, motivation

Lack of coordination leads to accidents.

Anxiety about sleep.

Using  alcohol  or sleep-inducing medicines to fall  asleep

Tension  headache

Difficulties in socializing oneself.

Types of  Insomnia –

Insomnia can be acute when it is of short duration or chronic when it lasts for months or years.

.Primary, when insomnia is a problem in itself, or secondary when it arises from some underlying medical

disease or disorder.

According to severity insomnia is classified as –

Mild in which there is a lack of sleep and tiredness.

Moderate-in which the daily functioning is affected.

Severe insomnia -in which life is significantly affected.

It depends on the underlying cause.

 The  underlying  cause  must  be  treated and

the  type of insomnia

Following  are  the approaches  followed

Counseling

Cognitive  behavior  therapy (CBT)

Medications

Over-the-counter sleep  aids

Melatonin

The following things should be implemented –

Going  to  bed  and waking  up at the same time

Avoid using screens of cell phones, tablets, laptops, LCD TVs, or any other  TV  before going to sleep at night.

Get to sleep early time, till  11 pm or  12 am, not too late like  1 am or  2 am. This ensures good health.

Also, wake up early in the morning till  6 am.

The proverb  -Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy wealthy, and wise -is very much true.

Nowadays ambitious people sleep too late and wake up too late in the morning hrs, or even if they wake up early in the morning till  6 am, they can spoil their health.

Complete your daily schedule  1 hr before going to sleep at night.

In the winter season, you should have an air heater and in the summer season, you should have an air conditioner in your bedroom.

Dietary habits –

It should not happen that you have not eaten sufficiently at the time of dinner.

Dinner should be taken  3 hrs before going to sleep.

Tea coffee alcohol should be avoided before going to bed.

Dinner should be a  balanced diet, it should be of your choice.

It should not happen that you don’t like the food and eat under the pressure of others.

Patients with  GERD(Gastrooesophageal reflux disease)  should sleep with the head end of the bed elevated or they should sleep with  1-2 extra pillows below their head.

Treatment of acidity, GERD, should be completed by a  qualified and experienced  Gastroenterologist.

Treatment of cough, and cold, if any should be completed.

Regular physical exercise.

Stress relaxation  exercises

Deep breathing exercises should be done before sleep.

If reading or music helps you to get to sleep early then it should be opted.

Avoid sleeping in the daytime so that you get a  sound sleep during the night.

If any underlying medical problem is there, then treatment should be started by a  qualified and experienced MD General Medicine doctor.

Diagnosis of insomnia is made if the individual has difficulty sleeping for  3 nights per week and if this continues for  3 months.

People traveling across time zones, people with frequent travel across different countries.

Industry workers working in shifts

 Old age

Too much caffeine, medications, drugs, or alcohol

family history of insomnia

experiencing a lot of unfavorable life events

being pregnant

Females going through menopause

having certain unfavorable physical or mental health conditions

Insomnia is more frequent in females.

For additional information on Insomnia please  click on the link given below

https://healthuseful.com/insomnia-symptom…atments-dr-sagar/